目錄高中英語定語從句學本課堂 高中英語定語從句微課 高中英語賓語從句 定語從句優質課一等獎 高中英語語法定語從句試講
新東方高中核心英語語法課程奇速英語（10講畝念）（高清掘耐拿視判搭頻）
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新東方高中核心英語語法課程奇速英語（10講）
定語從句，一個簡單句跟在一名詞或代詞后(先行詞)進行修飾限定，就叫做定語從句。下面要為大家分享的就是高中的定語從句，希望你會喜歡！
高中英語定語從句知識點
(一)定語從句一般由關系代詞和關系副詞引導
1、關系代詞:who, whom, whose, which, that, as
2、關系副詞:when, where, why
關系代詞和關系純斗副詞必須位于從句之首,主句先行詞之后,起著連接先行詞和從句的作用, 同時在從句中又充當句子成分。
e.g. She is the girl who sings best of all.(關系代詞who在從句中作主語)
The comrade with whom I came knows French.(whom在從句中作介詞with的賓語)
悉核3、關系代詞和關系副詞的用法:1)當先行詞為人時用who 作主語,whom作賓語;2)當先行詞為物或整個句子時用which ,可作主語或賓語;3)先行詞為人、物時用that ,可作主語或賓語;4)whose用作定語,可指人或物;5)關系副詞when(指時間,在定語從句中作時間狀語,where(指地點,在定語從句中作地點狀語),why(指原因,在定語從句中作原因狀語)。
(二)限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句
1、限制性定語從句:從句與主句關系密切,去掉從句,主句意義不完整,甚至不合邏輯。
e.g. I was the only person in our office who was invited.(去掉定語從句,意思就不完整)
2、非限制性定語從句:從句對先行詞關系不密切,去掉定從句,意思仍然完整。形式上用逗號隔開,不能that用引導。
e.g. Tom's father, who is over sixty, still works hard day and night.(who引導非限制性定語從句,整個句子可分成兩句來翻譯)
(三)使用定語從句時特別注意的幾個問題
1、that與which的區別。
1)用that而不用 which的情況:①先行詞為不定代詞all, anything, nothing, …;②先行詞有最高級修飾,有序數詞修飾;③先行詞有only, very, any等詞修飾;④先行詞既有人又有物時。
e.g. There is nothing that can prevent him from doing it. 沒有什么能阻止他不干那件事。
The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill. 在桂林他們所參觀的睜褲掘第一個地方是象鼻山。
This is the best film that I have ever seen. 這部電影是我看過的最好的一部。
Mr Smith is the only foreigner that he knows. 史密斯先生是他認識的唯一的外國人。
2)用which而不用 that的情況:①引導非限制性定語從句;②代表整個主句的意思;③介詞 + 關系代詞。
e.g. He had failed in the maths exam, which made his father very angry. 他數學考試沒有及格,這使他的'父親很生氣。
This is the room in which my father lived last year. 這是父親去年居住過的房子。
3)as引導定語從句時的用法
①as引導限制性定語從句通常用于the same … as, such … as結構中。
e.g. I want the same shirt as my friend's. 我要一件跟我朋友一樣的襯衫。
Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China. 我們車間使用的這種機器是中國制造的。
②as引導非限制性定語從句既可放在主句之前,也可放在主句之后,用來修飾整個句子。通常用下列句型:as is known to all, as is said, as is reported, as is announced, as we all know, as I expect 等。
e.g. As I expected, he got the first place again in this mid-term examination. 正如我所預料的那樣,他在這次期中考試中又獲得了第一名。
3)as 引導非限制性定語從句時與which的區別
①當主句和從句語義一致時,用as;反之,用which來引導非限制性定語從句。
e.g. He made a long speech, as we expected.
He made a long speech, which was unexpected.
②當非限制定語從句為否定時,常用which引導。
e.g. Tom drinks a lot every day, which his wife doesn't like at all.
2. 關系代詞在從句中作主語時,從句的謂語動詞單數還是用復數應由先行詞決定。
e.g. The man who lives downstairs speaks English fluently. 住在樓下的那個人英語說得很流利。
The students who are in Grade Three are going to climb the hill tomorrow.
3.定語從句有時不直接緊靠先行詞,中間由一個定語、狀語或謂語隔開。
e.g. There is an expression in his eyes that I can't understand.
4. 引導定語從句的關系副詞有時可以用"介詞 + which"來代替。
e.g. October 1, 1949 was the day on which ( = when ) the People's Republic of China was founded.
5. 當定語從句中謂語動詞是帶介詞或副詞的固定短語動詞時,短語動詞的各個固定部分不要拆開。
e.g. The sick man whom she is looking after is her father.
6. 介詞在關系代詞前,只能用which和whom,且不能省略;介詞在句尾,關系代詞可有which, that, whom, 口語中也可用who,且可省略。
e.g. The man (whom/ who/ that) you were talking about has come to school.
高中英語定語從句習題
一、把下列每對句子合并成含有定語從句的主從復合句:
1. The fan is on the desk. You want it.
2. The man is in the next room. He brought our textbooks here yesterday.
3. The magazine is mine. He has taken it away.
4. The students will not pass the exam . They don't study hard.
5. The woman is our geography teacher. You saw her in the park.
6. The letter is from my sister. I received it yesterday.
7. The play was wonderful. We saw it last night.
8. The train was late. It was going to Nanning.
9. The boy is my brother. He was here a minute ago.
10. The tree is quite tall. He is climbing it.
11. Here is the girl. Her brother works in this shop.
12. That's the child. We were looking at his drawing just now.
13. This is the boy. His sister is a famous singer.
14. I want to talk to the boys. Their homework haven't been handed in.
15. Is that the woman? Her daughter is in my class.
16. He used to live in a big house. In front of it grew many banana trees.
17. They passed a factory. At the back of the factory there were rice fields.
18. The soldier ran to the building. On the top of it flew a flag.
19. In the evening they arrived at a hill. At the foot of the hill there was a temple.
20. She came into a big room. In the middle of it stood a large table.
二、根據句子意思,在第一個空白處填入介詞,在第二個填入關系代詞whom或which:
1. The person ________ ________ I spoke just now is the manager that I told you about.
2. The pencil ________ ________ he was writing broke.
3. Wu Dong, ________ ________ I went to the concert, enjoyed it very much.
4. The two things ________ ________ Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms of English.
5. Her bag, ________ ________ she put all her books, has not been found.
6. The stories about the Long March, ________ ________ this is one example, are well written.
三、選擇填空:
1. The man ____ visited our school yesterday is from London.
A. who B. which C. whom D. when
2. The woman ____ is talking to my mother is a friend of hers.
A. whose B. who C. whom D. which
3. Because of my poor memory, all ____ you told me has been forgotten.
A. that B. which C. what D. as
4. Do you remember those days ____ we spent along the seashore very happily?
A. when B. where C. which D. who
5. Tom did not take away the camera because it was just the same camera ____ he lost last week.
A. which B. that C. whom D. as
6. Those ____ want to go please sign their names here.
A. whom B. which C. who D. when
7. Where is the man ____ I met this morning?
A. when B. where C. which D. who
8. Who is the woman ____ is sweeping the floor over there?
A. who B. / C. that D. when
9. The man ____ you talked just now is a worker.
A. who B. whom C. to whom D. to who
10. The man ____ you are going to make friends is my father's neighbour.
A. with whom B. when C. to whom D. which
11. The doctor ____ is leaving for Africa next month.
A. the nurse is talking to him B. whom the nurse is talking
C. the nurse is talking to D. who the nurse is talking
12. The man ____ around our school is from America.
A. which you showed B. you showed him C. you showed D. where you showed
13. He talked about a hero ____ no one had ever heard.
A. of whom B. from whom C. about that D. who
14. In fact the Swede did not understand the three questions ____ were asked in French.
A. where B. who C. in which D. which
15. Have you read the book ____ I lent to you?
A. that B. whom C. when D. whose
16. Finally, the thief handed over everything ____ he had stolen to the police.
A. that B. which C. whatever D. all
17. The foreign guests, ____ were government officials, were warmly welcomed at the airport.
A. most of them B. most of that C. most of whom D. most of those
18. This is the very letter ____came last night.
A. who B. which C. that D. as
19. I know only a little about this matter; you may ask ____ knows better than I.
A. whoever B. whomever C. anyone D. the one
20. This is the school ____ we visited three days ago.
A. where B. / C. when D. what
21. This is the factory ____ we worked a year ago.
A. where B. that C. which D. on which
22. Nearby were two canoes ____ they had come to the island.
A. which B. in which C. that D. /
23. Jack is pleased with ____ you have given him and all ____ you have told him.
A. that, what B. what, that C. which, what D. that, which
24. Do you work near the building ____ colour is yellow?
A. that B. which C. its D. whose
25. In the dark street, there wasn't a single person ____ she could turn for help.
A. whom B. who C. to whom D. form whom
26. Is this school ____ we visited three years ago?
A. the one B. which C. that D. where
27. Is this the school ____ we visited three years ago?
A. the one B. where C. in which D. /
28, How many students are there in your class ____ homes are in the country?
A. whose B. who C. whom D. which
29. Alice received an invitation from her boss, ____ came as a surprise.
A. it B. which C. that D. he
30. The train was crowded and I had to get into a carriage ____ already seven other people.
A. when there were B. which there were C. that there were D. where there were
31. I live in the house ____ windows face south.
A. which B. whose C. where D. in that
32. ---- What game is popular with them? ---- The ____ most is tennis.
A. game they like it B. game they like C. best game they like D. best game they like it
33. They stayed with me three weeks, ____ they drank all the wine I had.
A. which B. which time C. during which time D. during which
34. The room ____ Mr White lives is not very large.
A. that B. which C. where D. when
35. Don't forget the day ____ you were received into the Youth League.
A. when B. that C. at which D. where
36. I've finished writing the novel, ____ is to be published next month.
A. that B. what C. which D. when
37. He returned home safe and sound after a fierce battle, ____ was unexpected.
A. which B. as C. that D. it
38. ____ we is known to all, English is not very difficult to learn.
A. What B. As C. That D. Which
39. The old man had three sons, all of ____ died during World War Ⅱ.
A. whose B. that C. whom D. who
40. I have bought two pens, ____ write well.
A. none of which B. neither of which C. both of which D. all of which
41. Do you know the reason ____ she has changed her mind?
A. why B. which C. for that D. of which
42. He failed in the exam, ____ proves that he wasn't working hard enough.
A. which B. what C. it D. that
43. During the week ____ he tried to collect materials for his article.
A. following B. followed C. to follow D. that followed
44. ____ was expected, he succeeded in the exam.
A. It B. Which C. As D. That
45. He studied hard and later became a well-known writer, ____ his father expected.
A. that was what B. what was that C. and which was D. which was what
46. We should read such books ____ will make us better and wiser.
A. when B. as C. whose D. what
47. You must show my wife the same respect ____ you show me.
A. when B. as C. whose D. what
48. He is absent ____ is often the case.
A. what B. which C. who D. as
49. It is the first time ____ I have come to your city.
A. that B. which C. what D. when
50. Who ____ has the same idea as it will do it in this way.
A. who B. that C. whom D. which
51. I shall never forget those years ____ I lived in the country with the farmers, ____ has a great effect on my life.
A. that, which B. when, which C. which, that D. when, who
52. This is the only book ____ I can find.
A. that B. which C. it D. with which
53. I don't like ____ you speak to her.
A. the way B. the way in that C. the way which D. the way of which
54. That is one of those books that ____ worth reading.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
55. This is the only one of the students whose handwriting ____ the best.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
56. There was ____ to prevent the accident.
A. something could do B. anything we could do
C. nothing we couldn't do D. nothing we could do
定語從句是由關系代詞和關系副詞引導的從句,其作用是作定語修飾主句的某個成分,定語從句分為限定性和非限定性從句兩種.狀語從句分為時間狀語從句,結果狀語從句,讓步狀語從句,原因狀語從句,條件狀語從句以及行為方式狀語從句.名詞從句包括主語從句,賓語從句,表語從句和同位語從句及there be句型.
一、 限定性定語從句
1. that即可代表事物也可代表人,which代表事物；它們在從句中作主語或賓語,that在從句中作賓語時常可省略關系詞,which在從句中作賓語則不能省略.而且,如果which在從句中作“不及物動詞＋介詞”的介詞的賓語,注讓簡爛意介詞不要丟掉,而且介詞總是放在關系代詞which的前邊,但有的則放在它原來的位置
2. which作賓語時,根據先行詞與定語從句之間的語義關系,先行詞與which之間的介詞不能丟
3. 代表物時多用which,但在帶有下列詞的句子中用that而不用which,這些詞包括all, anything, much等,這時的that常被省略
4. who和whom引導的從句用來修飾人,分別作從句中的主語和賓語,whom作賓語時,要注意它可以作動詞的賓語也可以作介詞的賓語
5. where是關系副詞,用來表示地點的定語從句
6. when引導定語從句表示時間
〔注〕值得一提咐告的是,表示時間“time"一詞的定語從句只用when引導,有時不用任何關系代詞,當然也不用that引導
By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks.
I still remember the first time I met her.
Each time he goes to besiness trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc.
7. whose是關系代詞,修飾名詞作定語,相當于所修飾成分的前置所有格
8. 當從句的邏輯主語是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing時,常用there is來引導
二、非限定性定語從句：非限定性定語從句的作用是對所修飾的成分作進一步說明,通常和主句間用逗號隔開,將從句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立
1. which引導的非限定性定語從句來說明前面整個句子的情況或主句的某一部分
2. 在引導限定性定語從句時,that有時相當于in which, at which, for which或at which
Attitudes towards daydreaming are changing in much the same way that(in which) attitudes towards night dreaming have changed. 人們對白日做夢的態度正在改變,這與人們對夜間做夢的看法的變化有非常相似之處.
I like the music for the very reason that(for which) he dislike it. 我出于某種原因喜歡這種音樂,而他恰恰與我相反.
We arrived the day that(on which) they left. 剛好我們到的那天他們走了.
3. 有時as也可用作關系代詞
4. 在非限定性定語從句中,不能用that,而用who, whom代表人,用which代表事物
三、定語從句結構錯誤
1. 缺關系詞
2. 從句中缺成分
摘自《簡明英語語法》
在英文中,有兩種定語從句：限定性定語從句與非限定性定語從句.這兩種定語從句在其功能和形式方面都有明顯的區別：
限坦漏定性定語從句限定性定語從句與主句的關系很緊奏,對其先行詞起限定、修飾的作用.如果將其去掉,會影響句子意思的完整性；有時甚至于引起費解、誤解.例如：
Rainforests are being cleared for valuable timber and other resources to speed up the economic growth of the nationsin which they are located .
為了加速他們各自所在國家的經濟發展,熱帶雨林作為有價值的原木和其他資源正為人們所砍伐.
Ocean currents affect the climates of the lands near which they flow.
洋流影響其流經的附近地區的氣候.
They explained the reason to us why they had hated us before.
他們向我們解釋為什么他們不喜歡我們的原因.
非限定性定語從句非限定性定語從句在形式上就與主句很松散,它與主句之間有一個逗點","隔開；它對其先行詞沒有限定、修飾的作用,只起補充、說明的作用.有時也用它來對全句進行補充、說明.即使將其去掉,也不會影響句子意思.由于上述原因,非限定性定語從句在表達意思方面也有別于限定性定語從句.另外,非限定性定語從句在中文譯文里,我們往往將其作為一個分句處理,而不把它作定語翻譯. 例如：Earlier , the Babylonians had attempted to map the world , but they presented it in the form of a flattened disc rather than a sphere , which was the form adopted by Ptolemy .
（此句中,非限定性定語從句是對先行詞a sphere進行補充、說明.）
更早之前,巴比倫人曾試圖繪制世界地圖,但是他們把它繪制成平盤狀而不是托勒密所采用的球體狀.
The bination of satellites, which tran *** it information , puters , which store information , and television , which displays information , will change every home into an education and entertainment center .
（此句中,三個非限定性定語從句分別對三個先行詞：satellites ,puters和television進行補充、說明.如果去掉這三個非限定性定語從句,那么句子可簡化為：
The bination of satellites , puters and television will change every home into an education and entertainment center .）衛星能傳輸信息,計算機能儲存信息,電視能顯示信息,把這些手段結合起來可以使每個家庭都成為教育娛樂的中心.
The sun heats the earth , which makes it possible for plants to grow .（此句中,非限定性定語從句是對全句進行補充、說明,將全句表達的意思看成"一件事情）.太陽給予大地熱,這就使植物的生長成為可能.
The old man has a son , who is in the army .（此句中,非限定性定語從句是對先行詞son進行補充、說明.但本句所傳達的信息是："這位老人只有一個兒子" .如果將此句改寫成限定性定語從句：
The old man has a son who is in the army . 那位老人有一個在部隊工作的兒子.那么,限定性定語從句就要對先行詞son進行限定、修飾.這樣一來,句子所傳達的信息就變成了："這位老人有一個兒子在部隊工作,還有其他的兒子在干別的工作".）那位老人有一個兒子,他在部隊工作.
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