高一數學對數?對數是高一數學必修一學的。對數的運算法則:1、log(a) (M·N)=log(a) M+log(a) N 2、log(a) (M÷N)=log(a) M-log(a) N 3、log(a) M^n=nlog(a) M 4、log(a)b*log(b)a=1 5、log(a) b=log (c) b÷log (c) a 對數應用 對數在數學內外有許多應用。那么,高一數學對數?一起來了解一下吧。
或念陪原裂高顫肆敗式=-log(5,4)*[-log(4,5)]=log(5,4)*log(4,5)=1
log5 1/4=lg1/4/lg5=-lg4/lg5
log4 1/5=lg1/5/lg4=-lg5/lg4
所以兩式神嫌相雀或乘游歲手為1
⑴使用變化的基本公式,該公式將取代所有的基地10個對數:
原式= lg27/lg4×lg8/lg25×lg5/lg9
= LG3 3 / LG2 2×LG2 3 / LG5 2×lg5/lg3 2
=(3lg3)/(2lg2)×(3lg2)/(2lg5)×(lg5/2lg3)
= 9/8
⑵由登錄(^ M)(孝寬橘B ^ N)=(N / M)巧團對數B
原來的公式=(巧猛LOG2 2 3 + LOG2 3)(log3中2 + log3中2)
= [ (1/2)LOG2 3 +(1/3)LOG2 3] [log3中2 +(1/2)log3中2]
= [(5/6)LOG2 3] [(3/2)log3中2
= 5/4
基本性質:
1.a^(log(a)(b))=b
2.log(a)(MN)=log(a)(M)+log(a)(N);
3.log(a)(M/N)=log(a)(M)-log(a)(N);
4.log(a)(M^n)=nlog(a)(M)
推導
1.這個就不用推了吧,直接由定義式可得(把定義式中的[n=log(a)(b)]帶入a^n=b)
2.
MN=M*N
由基本性質1(換掉M和N)
a^[log(a)(MN)] = a^[log(a)(M)] * a^[log(a)(N)]
由指數的性質
a^[log(a)(MN)] = a^{[log(a)(M)] + [log(a)(N)]}
又因為指數函數是單調函數,所以
log(a)(MN) = log(a)(M) + log(a)(N)
3.與2類似處理
MN=M/N
由基本性質1(換掉M和N)
a^[log(a)(M/N)] = a^[log(a)(M)] / a^[log(a)(N)]
由指數的性質
a^[log(a)(M/N)] = a^{[log(a)(M)] - [log(a)(N)]}
又因為指數函數是單調函數,所以
log(a)(M/N) = log(a)(M) - log(a)(N)
4.與2類似處理
M^n=M^n
由基本性質1(換掉M)
a^[log(a)(M^n)] = {a^[log(a)(M)]}^n
由指數的性質
a^[log(a)(M^n)] = a^{[log(a)(M)]*n}
又因為指數函數是單調函團仿數,所以
log(a)(M^n)=nlog(a)(M)
其他性質:
性質一:換底公式
log(a)(N)=log(b)(N) / log(b)(a)
推導如下
N = a^[log(a)(N)]
a = b^[log(b)(a)]
綜合兩式可得
N = {b^[log(b)(a)]}^[log(a)(N)] = b^{[log(a)(N)]*[log(b)(a)]}
又因為N=b^[log(b)(N)]
所以
b^[log(b)(N)] = b^{[log(a)(N)]*[log(b)(a)]}
所以
log(b)(N) = [log(a)(N)]*[log(b)(a)] {這步不明白或有疑問看上面的}
所以log(a)(N)=log(b)(N) / log(b)(a)
性質二:(不知道什么名字)
log(a^n)(b^m)=m/n*[log(a)(b)]
推導如下
由換底公式[lnx是log(e)(x),e稱作自然對數的底]
log(a^n)(b^m)=ln(a^n) / ln(b^n)
由基本性質4可得
log(a^n)(b^m) = [n*ln(a)] / [m*ln(b)] = (m/n)*{[ln(a)] / [ln(b)]}
再由換底公式
log(a^n)(b^m)=m/n*[log(a)(b)]
--------------------------------------------(性質及推導孫團 完 )
公式三:
log(a)(b)=1/log(b)(a)
證明如下:
由則或橘換底公式 log(a)(b)=log(b)(b)/log(b)(a) ----取以b為底的對數,log(b)(b)=1
=1/log(b)(a)
還可變形得:
log(a)(b)*log(b)(a)=1
1、負數和或孫零沒有埋粗對數;
2、a>0且a≠1,N>0;
3、loga1=0, logaa=1, alogaN=N,logaab=b.
特別地,以10為底的對數叫常用對數,記作log10N,簡記為lgN;以無理數e(e=2.718 28…)為底的對數叫做自然對數,記作logeN,簡記為lnN.
1)彎團鎮log(a)(x)+log(a)(y)=log(a)(xy);
2)log(a)(x)-log(a)(y)=log(a)(x/y)
3)log(a^m)(x^n)=(n/m)log(a)(x)
4)logaMn=nlogaM (n∈R).
換底公式
log(a)(x)=log(b)(x)/log(b)(a)
=lg(x)/lg(a)=ln(x)/ln(a)
以上就是高一數學對數的全部內容,1、負數和零沒有對數;2、a>0且a≠1,N>0;3、loga1=0, logaa=1, alogaN=N, logaab=b.特別地,以10為底的對數叫常用對數,記作log10N,簡記為lgN;以無理數e(e=2.718 28…)為底的對數叫做自然對數,記作logeN。